Visible Universe Held In Place By A Dark Matter Web New information from the University of Nottingham, England, and the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Spain. |
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Leicester England (SPX) Apr 05, 2006
Astronomers have found the first direct evidence that galaxies are
tightly aligned along a pattern dictated by the large-scale structure
of the invisible dark matter that surrounds them.
The discovery confirms one of the fundamental aspects of
galaxy-formation theory, and implies a direct link between the global
properties of the universe and the individual properties of galaxies.
A team from the University of Nottingham, England, and the Instituto
de Astrofisica de Canarias, Spain, analyzed huge voids found in the
universe's large-scale structure. They detected the voids by using
the latest sky surveys to search for large regions of space depleted
of bright galaxies. The surveys - the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and
the Two Degree Field Survey - contain positional information on
more than half a million galaxies located within a distance of 1 billion
light-years of Earth.
Astronomers have found the first direct evidence that galaxies are
tightly aligned along a pattern dictated by the large-scale structure
of the invisible dark matter that surrounds them.
The discovery confirms one of the fundamental aspects of
galaxy-formation theory, and implies a direct link between the global
properties of the universe and the individual properties of galaxies.
A team from the University of Nottingham, England, and the Instituto
de Astrofisica de Canarias, Spain, analyzed huge voids found in the
universe's large-scale structure. They detected the voids by using
the latest sky surveys to search for large regions of space depleted
of bright galaxies. The surveys - the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and
the Two Degree Field Survey - contain positional information on
more than half a million galaxies located within a distance of 1 billion
light-years of Earth.
| As updates become available we will present them here. Frank Riccardi Director, Eyepod.Org |
The surveys - the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Two Degree Field Survey - contain positional information on
more than half a million galaxies located within a distance of 1 billion light-years of Earth.
"We found that there is an excess of disk galaxies that are highly inclined relative to the plane defined by the
large-scale structure surrounding them," said Ignacio Trujillo of the University of Nottingham. "Their rotation axes
are mainly oriented in the direction of the filaments (and) our work provides important confirmation of the tidal
torque theory which explains how galaxies have acquired their current spin."
He said the spin of the galaxies is thought to be linked to their morphological shapes. "So, this work is a step
forward on our understanding of how galaxies have reached their current shapes," he added.
It turns out matter is not distributed uniformly throughout space, but instead is arranged in an intricate cosmic
web of filaments and walls surrounding bubble-like voids, alternating between galaxy clusters and low-density
regions known as voids.
Astronomers call this uneven scattering of matter the large-scale distribution of the universe. When viewing the
entire universe in computer simulations, the distribution assumes the appearance of a spider's web or the neural
network of the brain - although this structure did not always exist.
After the Big Bang, matter was distributed more homogeneously. As the universe evolved, however, gravitational
pulls began to compress matter in certain regions of space, eventually forming the current large-scale structure.
Recent models have predicted that galaxies tended to cluster perpendicularly to the direction of the linear
filaments.
Several observational studies have looked for a preferential alignment of galaxy rotation with respect to the
surrounding large-scale structures, but none was successful, until now, because of the difficulty in characterizing
the filaments.
The research, by Trujillo with Conrado Carretero and Santiago G. Patiri of the Instituto de Astrofisica, has been
able to measure this effect, confirming theoretical predictions. The team's paper appears in the April 1 issue of
Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Related Links
Research Abstract
Galactic Web Images
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
AAO.Gov
more than half a million galaxies located within a distance of 1 billion light-years of Earth.
"We found that there is an excess of disk galaxies that are highly inclined relative to the plane defined by the
large-scale structure surrounding them," said Ignacio Trujillo of the University of Nottingham. "Their rotation axes
are mainly oriented in the direction of the filaments (and) our work provides important confirmation of the tidal
torque theory which explains how galaxies have acquired their current spin."
He said the spin of the galaxies is thought to be linked to their morphological shapes. "So, this work is a step
forward on our understanding of how galaxies have reached their current shapes," he added.
It turns out matter is not distributed uniformly throughout space, but instead is arranged in an intricate cosmic
web of filaments and walls surrounding bubble-like voids, alternating between galaxy clusters and low-density
regions known as voids.
Astronomers call this uneven scattering of matter the large-scale distribution of the universe. When viewing the
entire universe in computer simulations, the distribution assumes the appearance of a spider's web or the neural
network of the brain - although this structure did not always exist.
After the Big Bang, matter was distributed more homogeneously. As the universe evolved, however, gravitational
pulls began to compress matter in certain regions of space, eventually forming the current large-scale structure.
Recent models have predicted that galaxies tended to cluster perpendicularly to the direction of the linear
filaments.
Several observational studies have looked for a preferential alignment of galaxy rotation with respect to the
surrounding large-scale structures, but none was successful, until now, because of the difficulty in characterizing
the filaments.
The research, by Trujillo with Conrado Carretero and Santiago G. Patiri of the Instituto de Astrofisica, has been
able to measure this effect, confirming theoretical predictions. The team's paper appears in the April 1 issue of
Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Related Links
Research Abstract
Galactic Web Images
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
AAO.Gov
The galaxies and other structural components of
the visible universe are locked into position by the
effects of mysterious dark matter. Image credit: IAC
the visible universe are locked into position by the
effects of mysterious dark matter. Image credit: IAC
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